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| TI: | Whole-grain wheat breakfast cereal has a prebiotic effect on the human gut microbiota: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. |
| DA: | 3-Mar-2008 |
| DT: | Journal Article |
| AU: | Costabile, A.; Klinder, A.; Fava, F.; Napolitano, A.; Fogliano, V.; Leonard, C.; Gibson, G. R.; Tuohy, K. M. |
| PY: | 2008 |
| AD: | Dep. of Food Biosci., Sch. of Chem., Food Biosci. & Pharmacy, Univ. of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK. Fax +44 (0)118 931 0080. E-mail a.costabile@reading.ac.uk |
| SO: | British Journal of Nutrition 99 (1) 110–120 |
| RF: | 66 ref. |
| LA: | English |
| SN: | 0007-1145 |
| AB: | Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse association between dietary intake of whole grains and the risk of chronic disease. This may be related to the ability to mediate a prebiotic modulation of gut microbiota. However, no studies have been conducted on the microbiota modulatory capability of wholegrain (WG) cereals. In this study, the impact of WG wheat on the human intestinal microbiota compared to wheat bran (WB) was determined. A double-blind, randomized, crossover study was carried out in 31 volunteers who were randomized into 2 groups and consumed daily 48 g breakfast cereals, either WG or WB, in two 3-wk study periods, separated by a 2-wk washout period. Numbers of faecal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli (the target genera for prebiotic intake), were significantly higher upon WG ingestion compared with WB. Ingestion of both breakfast cereals resulted in a significant increase in ferulic acid concn. in blood but no discernible difference in faeces or urine. No significant differences in faecal short chain fatty acid (SCFA), fasting blood glucose, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triacylglyerol (TAG) or HDL-cholesterol were observed upon ingestion of WG compared with WB. However, a significant reduction in TC was observed in volunteers in the top quartile of TC concn. upon ingestion of either cereal. No adverse intestinal symptoms were reported and WB ingestion increased stool frequency. Daily consumption of WG wheat exerted a pronounced prebiotic effect on the human gut microbiota composition. This prebiotic activity may contribute towards the beneficial physiological effects of WG wheat. |
| SC: | Cereals and bakery products |
| KW: | BIFIDOBACTERIUM; BREAKFAST CEREALS; CEREAL PRODUCTS; LACTOBACILLUS; MICROFLORA; MICROORGANISMS; NOVEL FOODS; PREBIOTIC FOODS; WHEAT; WHOLEGRAIN FOODS |
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