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| TI: | Relative inhibition of lipid peroxidation, cyclooxygenase enzymes, and human tumor cell proliferation by natural food colors. |
| DA: | 19-Dec-2005 |
| DT: | Journal Article |
| AU: | Reddy, M. K.; Alexander-Lindo, R. L.; Nair, M. G. |
| PY: | 2005 |
| AD: | Correspondence (Reprint) address, M. G. Nair, Bioactive Natural Products & Phytoceuticals, Dep. of Hort. & Nat. Food Safety & Toxicol. Cent., Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. Tel. +1-517-432-3100, ext. 140. Fax +1-517-432-2310. E-mail nairm@msu.edu |
| SO: | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 53 (23) 9268–9273 |
| RF: | 23 ref. |
| LA: | English |
| SN: | 0021-8561 |
| AB: | The most abundant water soluble natural food colours are betacyanins and anthocyanins. Lycopene, bixin, β-carotene and chlorophyll are water insoluble colours. Pure betanin, bixin, lycopene, chlorophyll, β-carotene and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside were isolated from beetroot, annatto seeds, tomatoes, spinach, carrots and sour cherries, respectively. These natural pigments, alone and in combination, were evaluated for their relative potencies against cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes and tumour cell growth inhibition using MCF-7 (breast), HCT-116 (colon), AGS (stomach), CNS (central nervous system) and NCI-H460 (lung) tumour cell lines. Among the colours tested, betanin, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, lycopene and β-carotene inhibited lipid peroxidation. However, all pigments tested gave COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition and showed dose-dependent growth inhibition against breast, colon, stomach, central nervous system and lung tumour cells, respectively. Mixtures of these pigments were also evaluated for their synergistic effects and chemical interactions at various concn. Mixing anthocyanin and betanin negated their efficacy in the cell growth inhibitory assay and did not enhance COX enzyme inhibitory activity. |
| SC: | Additives, spices and condiments |
| KW: | β-CAROTENE; ANTHOCYANIDINS; ANTITUMOUR ACTIVITY; BETANIN; BIXIN; CAROTENES; CAROTENOIDS; CHLOROPHYLLS; COLORANTS; CYANIDIN; ENZYMES; FLAVONOIDS; GLUCOSIDES; GLYCOSIDES; HEALTH; LIPIDS; LYCOPENE; NATURAL COLORANTS; OXIDATION; PEROXIDATION |
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